Courage သတၱိ

ဒီမုိ ဖက္တီး Said:
မေၾကာက္တာဟာ တကယ့္သတၱိ မဟုတ္ဘူး။ ေၾကာက္လ်က္ နဲ႔ ကုိယ္လုပ္သင့္ လုပ္ထုိက္တာကုိ လုပ္တာဟာ တကယ့္သတၱိပဲ။ အဲဒီေတာ့ ဒူးတုန္တုန္နဲ႔ လုပ္တဲ့သူဟာ ေတာ္ေတာ္ သတၱိရွိတယ္လုိ႔ ေခၚရမွာပဲ။
— ေဒၚေအာင္ဆန္းစုၾကည္

Source Wikipedia, “Courage.”

Courage (also bravery, fortitude, or intrepidity) is the ability to confront fear, pain, danger, uncertainty, or intimidation. “Physical courage” is courage in the face of physical pain, hardship, death, or threat of death, while “moral courage” is the ability to act rightly in the face of popular opposition, shame, scandal, or discouragement.

Bravery is the subcategory most people generally associate with Courage. It is defined as “the ability to stand up for what is right in difficult situations.” As opposed to less sophisticated definitions that simply categorize bravery as fearlessness or acting when an observer would be afraid.

Perseverance falls under the larger category of courage because it often involves continuing along a path in the midst of and after having faced opposition and perhaps failure. Perseverance involves the ability to seek a goal in spite of obstacles and has been shown in human and animal studies to be a lasting trait with individual differences.[14] In order to persevere at a task, a person must be able to suppress desires to give up and pursue an easier task, a metacognitive understanding that the ends justify the persevering means. But beyond meta cognition, a person high in perseverance is able to overcome low self-esteem and estimations that one cannot do the task as well as discouragement from peers and the desire to present oneself well.[15] As a categorical psychological strength,
perseverance is regarded highly by society as opposed to laziness. However, its one weakness as an entry on the VIA as noted by Peterson and Seligman is that it may not be discernible from other human strengths and virtues. It especially can be seen as overlapping with self-control. However Peterson and Seligman maintain its distinctiveness, pointing out that perseverance “is explicitly shown across time, whereas control and regulation of oneself have a more here-and-now flavor”.[11] More research needs to be done in this area to empirically show that perseverance belongs in its own distinct category.

Of the four categories involved in courage, zest or vitality, is the one that
has the most weaknesses as a classification. It is defined as, “feeling alive,
being full of zest, and displaying enthusiasm for any and all activitie…s”.[11] This is a category that is influenced not only by subjective psychological factors, but also objective factors affecting one’s physical well-being such as chronic pain.[17] The reason Peterson and Seligman group Zest together with other courageous virtues is that Zest most often comes forth as a character strength in the midst of trying circumstances. For example, it has been shown that people’s subjective perception of their situation when faced with chronic pain, judging their perceived ability to handle the situation and their general positivity, is able to influence their well

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